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The Factors that Cause Water Pollution: Issues and Remedies

The Factors that Cause Water Pollution: Issues and Remedies

Author: Ranjana Kumari, Nishat Fatima Journal of Water Pollution & Purification Research-STM Journals Issn: 2394-7306 Date: 2025-05-10 03:27 Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Keyword: Water pollution, pesticides and herbicides, strategies, ecosystems, wastewater treatment Full Text PDF
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Abstract

Water, a vital and indispensable natural resource, plays a fundamental role in sustaining life on Earth. Known as a universal solvent, it supports a wide range of essential life processes. Its uses span various sectors, including drinking, household needs, industrial production, power generation, and agricultural irrigation. The significance of maintaining clean and safe water supplies cannot be overstated, as it directly influences human health, environmental stability, and socioeconomic development. This review highlights the primary sources contributing to water pollution, which range from industrial waste discharge, agricultural runoff containing pesticides and fertilizers, to domestic sewage and urban stormwater. The associated health impacts are severe, affecting not only humans but also aquatic life and biodiversity. Exposure to contaminated water can result in diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and other waterborne infections. Furthermore, the suitability of water for various applications is determined by its biological composition and physico-chemical properties, including pH, dissolved oxygen levels, and concentrations of harmful substances. Effective treatment methods for contaminated water are therefore crucial. These include physical, chemical, and biological processes such as filtration, coagulation, sedimentation, and advanced membrane technologies. The article emphasizes creative ideas and cooperative efforts, including community engagement and policy frameworks, that focus on maintaining the quality of this critical resource for future generations. It also thoroughly examines the challenges posed by water pollution and evaluates the effectiveness of current strategies to address this pressing environmental issue.

Keyword: Water pollution, pesticides and herbicides, strategies, ecosystems, wastewater treatment

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